kmem ==== :: NAME kmem - kernel memory SYNOPSIS kmem [-f|-F|-c|-C|-i[=shared]|-v|-V|-n|-z|-o|-h] [-p | -m member[,member]] [[-s|-S|-S=cpu[s]|-r] [slab] [-I slab[,slab]]] [-g [flags]] [[-P] address]] DESCRIPTION This command displays information about the use of kernel memory. -f displays the contents of the system free memory headers. also verifies that the page count equals nr_free_pages. -F same as -f, but also dumps all pages linked to that header. -c walks through the page_hash_table and verifies page_cache_size. -C same as -c, but also dumps all pages in the page_hash_table. -i displays general memory usage information. Note: SHARED is no longer printed (too slow on large memory systems) unless specifying "-i=shared". -v displays the mapped virtual memory regions allocated by vmalloc(). -V displays the kernel vm_stat table if it exists, or in more recent kernels, the vm_zone_stat, vm_node_stat and vm_numa_stat tables, the cumulative page_states counter values if they exist, and/or the cumulative, vm_event_states counter values if they exist. -n display memory node, memory section, memory block data and state; the state of each memory section is shown as the following flags: "P": SECTION_MARKED_PRESENT "M": SECTION_HAS_MEM_MAP "O": SECTION_IS_ONLINE "E": SECTION_IS_EARLY "D": SECTION_TAINT_ZONE_DEVICE -z displays per-zone memory statistics. -o displays each cpu's offset value that is added to per-cpu symbol values to translate them into kernel virtual addresses. -h display the address of hugepage hstate array entries, along with their hugepage size, total and free counts, and name. -p displays basic information about each page structure in the system mem_map[] array, made up of the page struct address, its associated physical address, the page.mapping, page.index, page._count and page.flags fields. -m member similar to -p, but displays page structure contents specified by a comma-separated list of one or more struct page members. The "flags" member will always be expressed in hexadecimal format, and the "_count" and "_mapcount" members will always be expressed in decimal format. Otherwise, all other members will be displayed in hexadecimal format unless the output radix is 10 and the member is a signed/unsigned integer. Members that are data structures may be specified either by the data structure's member name, or expanded to specify a member of the data structure. For example, "-m lru" refers to a list_head data structure, and both the list_head.next and list_head.prev pointer values will be displayed, whereas if "-m lru.next" is specified, just the list_head.next value will be displayed. -s displays basic kmalloc() slab data. -S displays all kmalloc() slab data, including all slab objects, and whether each object is in use or is free. If CONFIG_SLUB, slab data for each per-cpu slab is displayed, along with the address of each kmem_cache_node, its count of full and partial slabs, and a list of all tracked slabs. Note: one can specify the per-cpu slab data to be displayed; the cpu[s] can be given as "1,3,5", "1-3", "1,3,5-7,10", "all", or "a" (shortcut for "all"). -r displays the accumulated basic kmalloc() slab data of each root slab cache and its children. The kernel must contain the "slab_root_caches" list_head. (currently only available if CONFIG_SLUB) slab when used with -s, -S or -r, limits the command to only the slab cache of name "slab". If the slab argument is "list", then all slab cache names and addresses are listed. -I slab when used with -s, -S or -r, one or more slab cache names in a comma-separated list may be specified as slab caches to ignore. -g displays the enumerator value of all bits in the page structure's "flags" field. flags when used with -g, translates all bits in this hexadecimal page structure flags value into its enumerator values. -P declares that the following address argument is a physical address. address when used without any flag, the address can be a kernel virtual, or physical address; a search is made through the symbol table, the kmalloc() slab subsystem, the free list, the page_hash_table, the vmalloc() region subsystem, the current set of task_structs and kernel stacks, and the mem_map array. If found in any of those areas, the information will be dumped in the same manner as if the location-specific flags were used; if contained within a current task_struct or kernel stack, that task's context will be displayed. address when used with -s or -S, searches the kmalloc() slab subsystem for the slab containing of this virtual address, showing whether it is in use or free. address when used with -f, the address can be either a page pointer, a physical address, or a kernel virtual address; the free_area header containing the page (if any) is displayed. address when used with -p, the address can be either a page pointer, a physical address, or a kernel virtual address; its basic mem_map page information is displayed. address when used with -m, the address can be either a page pointer, a physical address, or a kernel virtual address; the specified members of the associated page struct are displayed. address when used with -c, the address must be a page pointer address; the page_hash_table entry containing the page is displayed. address when used with -v, the address can be a mapped kernel virtual address or physical address; the mapped region containing the address is displayed. All address arguments above must be expressed in hexadecimal format. EXAMPLES Display memory usage information: crash> kmem -i PAGES TOTAL PERCENTAGE TOTAL MEM 1974231 7.5 GB ---- FREE 208962 816.3 MB 10% of TOTAL MEM USED 1765269 6.7 GB 89% of TOTAL MEM SHARED 365066 1.4 GB 18% of TOTAL MEM BUFFERS 111376 435.1 MB 5% of TOTAL MEM CACHED 1276196 4.9 GB 64% of TOTAL MEM SLAB 120410 470.4 MB 6% of TOTAL MEM TOTAL HUGE 524288 2 GB ---- HUGE FREE 524288 2 GB 100% of TOTAL HUGE TOTAL SWAP 2498559 9.5 GB ---- SWAP USED 81978 320.2 MB 3% of TOTAL SWAP SWAP FREE 2416581 9.2 GB 96% of TOTAL SWAP COMMIT LIMIT 3485674 13.3 GB ---- COMMITTED 850651 3.2 GB 24% of TOTAL LIMIT Display and verify free memory data: crash> kmem -f NODE 0 ZONE NAME SIZE FREE MEM_MAP START_PADDR START_MAPNR 0 DMA 4096 3372 c4000040 0 0 AREA SIZE FREE_AREA_STRUCT BLOCKS PAGES 0 4k c02eb004 2 2 1 8k c02eb010 3 6 2 16k c02eb01c 5 20 3 32k c02eb028 4 32 4 64k c02eb034 5 80 5 128k c02eb040 3 96 6 256k c02eb04c 3 192 7 512k c02eb058 1 128 8 1024k c02eb064 1 256 9 2048k c02eb070 5 2560 ZONE NAME SIZE FREE MEM_MAP START_PADDR START_MAPNR 1 Normal 225280 202269 c4044040 1000000 4096 AREA SIZE FREE_AREA_STRUCT BLOCKS PAGES 0 4k c02eb0b8 1 1 1 8k c02eb0c4 2 4 2 16k c02eb0d0 0 0 3 32k c02eb0dc 1 8 4 64k c02eb0e8 1 16 5 128k c02eb0f4 0 0 6 256k c02eb100 0 0 7 512k c02eb10c 0 0 8 1024k c02eb118 0 0 9 2048k c02eb124 395 202240 ZONE NAME SIZE FREE MEM_MAP START_PADDR START_MAPNR 2 HighMem 819200 748686 c4ee0040 38000000 229376 AREA SIZE FREE_AREA_STRUCT BLOCKS PAGES 0 4k c02eb16c 10 10 1 8k c02eb178 2 4 2 16k c02eb184 0 0 3 32k c02eb190 2 16 4 64k c02eb19c 1 16 5 128k c02eb1a8 1 32 6 256k c02eb1b4 1 64 7 512k c02eb1c0 0 0 8 1024k c02eb1cc 0 0 9 2048k c02eb1d8 1462 748544 nr_free_pages: 954327 (verified) Dump all the base addresses of each free memory area from above: crash> kmem -F NODE 0 ZONE NAME SIZE FREE MEM_MAP START_PADDR START_MAPNR 0 DMA 4096 3372 c4000040 0 0 AREA SIZE FREE_AREA_STRUCT 0 4k c02eb004 c400ded8 c4042528 AREA SIZE FREE_AREA_STRUCT 1 8k c02eb010 c400de50 c400cee8 c40424a0 AREA SIZE FREE_AREA_STRUCT 2 16k c02eb01c c400dd40 c400cf70 c40425b0 c400f7d0 c40028a0 AREA SIZE FREE_AREA_STRUCT 3 32k c02eb028 c4042280 c400f8e0 c4002680 c4000260 AREA SIZE FREE_AREA_STRUCT 4 64k c02eb034 c400d080 c4041e40 ... Dump the mem_map[] array: crash> kmem -p PAGE PHYSICAL MAPPING INDEX CNT FLAGS f5c51200 10000 0 0 1 80 slab f5c51220 11000 0 0 1 80 slab f5c51240 12000 0 0 1 80 slab f5c51260 13000 0 0 1 80 slab f5c51280 14000 0 0 1 80 slab f5c512a0 15000 0 0 1 80 slab f5c512c0 16000 0 0 1 80 slab f5c512e0 17000 0 0 1 80 slab f5c51300 18000 0 0 1 80 slab f5c51320 19000 0 0 1 80 slab f5c51340 1a000 0 0 1 80 slab f5c51360 1b000 0 0 1 80 slab f5c51380 1c000 e6c6a754 13b67 2 868 uptodate,lru,active,private f5c513a0 1d000 0 0 1 80 slab f5c513c0 1e000 0 0 1 80 slab f5c513e0 1f000 0 0 1 80 slab f5c51400 20000 e6c6a754 13bbb 2 868 uptodate,lru,active,private f5c51420 21000 0 0 1 80 slab f5c51440 22000 0 0 1 80 slab ... Display the "page.lru" list_head structure member in each page: crash> kmem -m lru PAGE lru ffffea0000000000 0000000000000000,0000000000000000 ffffea0000000040 ffffea0000000060,ffffea0000000060 ffffea0000000080 ffffea00000000a0,ffffea00000000a0 ffffea00000000c0 ffffea00000000e0,ffffea00000000e0 ffffea0000000100 ffffea0000000120,ffffea0000000120 ffffea0000000140 ffffea0000000160,ffffea0000000160 ffffea0000000180 ffffea00000001a0,ffffea00000001a0 ffffea00000001c0 ffffea00000001e0,ffffea00000001e0 ffffea0000000200 ffffea0000000220,ffffea0000000220 ffffea0000000240 ffffea0000000260,ffffea0000000260 ffffea0000000280 ffffea00000002a0,ffffea00000002a0 ffffea00000002c0 ffffea00000002e0,ffffea00000002e0 ffffea0000000300 ffffea0000000320,ffffea0000000320 ffffea0000000340 ffffea0000000360,ffffea0000000360 ffffea0000000380 ffffea00000003a0,ffffea00000003a0 ffffea00000003c0 ffffea00000003e0,ffffea00000003e0 ffffea0000000400 ffff88021e5e41e8,ffffea0000002020 ffffea0000000440 dead000000100100,dead000000200200 ffffea0000000480 dead000000100100,dead000000200200 ffffea00000004c0 dead000000100100,dead000000200200 ... Find the two pages that link to the page at ffffea0001dafb20 via their page.lru list_head's next and prev pointers: crash> kmem -m lru | grep ffffea0001dafb20 ffffea000006b500 ffffea0001dafb20,ffffea0001eb4520 ffffea0000127d80 ffffea000152b620,ffffea0001dafb20 Find all of the combined slab/page structures that are used by the kmalloc-8192 slab cache: crash> kmem -s kmalloc-8192 CACHE OBJSIZE ALLOCATED TOTAL SLABS SSIZE NAME ffff880215802e00 8192 65 80 20 32k kmalloc-8192 crash> kmem -m slab_cache | grep ffff880215802e00 ffffea0004117800 ffff880215802e00 ffffea00041ca600 ffff880215802e00 ffffea00044ab200 ffff880215802e00 ffffea0004524000 ffff880215802e00 ffffea0004591600 ffff880215802e00 ffffea00047eac00 ffff880215802e00 ffffea0004875800 ffff880215802e00 ffffea0008357a00 ffff880215802e00 ffffea0008362a00 ffff880215802e00 ffffea00083b9400 ffff880215802e00 ffffea00083c1000 ffff880215802e00 ffffea00083c1e00 ffff880215802e00 ffffea00083c2000 ffff880215802e00 ffffea00083c2a00 ffff880215802e00 ffffea00083d2000 ffff880215802e00 ffffea00083d3e00 ffff880215802e00 ffffea0008407c00 ffff880215802e00 ffffea000848ce00 ffff880215802e00 ffffea0008491800 ffff880215802e00 ffffea00084bf800 ffff880215802e00 Use the commands above with a page pointer or a physical address argument: crash> kmem -f c40425b0 NODE 0 ZONE NAME SIZE FREE MEM_MAP START_PADDR START_MAPNR 0 DMA 4096 3372 c4000040 0 0 AREA SIZE FREE_AREA_STRUCT 2 16k c02eb01c c40425b0 (c40425b0 is 1st of 4 pages) crash> kmem -p c25a9c00 PAGE PHYSICAL MAPPING INDEX CNT FLAGS c25a9c00 1fe0000 f429d2e4 21fe3eb 2 800828 uptodate,lru,private crash> kmem -p 1fe0000 PAGE PHYSICAL MAPPING INDEX CNT FLAGS c25a9c00 1fe0000 f429d2e4 21fe3eb 2 800828 uptodate,lru,private Display the mapped memory regions allocated by vmalloc(): crash> kmem -v VMAP_AREA VM_STRUCT ADDRESS RANGE SIZE f7048e00 f7048e40 f7dfe000 - f7e00000 8192 f7048ec0 f7048f00 f7e00000 - f7e05000 20480 f7151fc0 f7159540 f7e06000 - f7e08000 8192 f704da80 f704dac0 f7e0a000 - f7e0c000 8192 f704d980 f704d9c0 f7e0e000 - f7e10000 8192 f724f1c0 f724f200 f7e12000 - f7e14000 8192 f704d840 f704d880 f7e14000 - f7e17000 12288 f704d400 f704d440 f7e18000 - f7e1d000 20480 f73f5840 f73f5880 f7e1e000 - f7e2a000 49152 f6334480 f63344c0 f7e2c000 - f7e2e000 8192 f635d600 f635d640 f7e4a000 - f7e5b000 69632 f41b4700 f5771a40 f7e6e000 - f7e70000 8192 f622f6c0 f622f700 f7e71000 - f7e79000 32768 f63a9f00 f63a9f40 f7e84000 - f7e87000 12288 f63a9d00 f63a9d40 f7e8f000 - f7e91000 8192 f5546480 f39db800 f7eb8000 - f7ec2000 40960 f5ce9640 f5777e80 f7ec6000 - f7ed1000 45056 f63a9b00 f63a9b40 f7ed1000 - f7efd000 180224 f63a9800 f63a9840 f7f1d000 - f7f26000 36864 f63a9640 f63a9880 f7f43000 - f7f52000 61440 f5771f00 f4183840 f7f53000 - f7f64000 69632 f5ce9a00 f30c4a00 f7fcf000 - f801e000 323584 f63a93c0 f63a9400 f805d000 - f8132000 872448 f63a91c0 f63a95c0 f814b000 - f8150000 20480 f63a9140 f63a9180 f8151000 - f8352000 2101248 f624eb00 f624eb40 f8353000 - f8355000 8192 f563eb40 f563eb80 f8356000 - f835e000 32768 f63d5ec0 f63d5f00 f8360000 - f8371000 69632 f63d5cc0 f6287b80 f83c2000 - f84c3000 1052672 ... Dump the virtual memory statistics: crash> kmem -V VM_ZONE_STAT: NR_FREE_PAGES: 30085 NR_ZONE_INACTIVE_ANON: 1985 NR_ZONE_ACTIVE_ANON: 338275 NR_ZONE_INACTIVE_FILE: 19760 NR_ZONE_ACTIVE_FILE: 12018 NR_ZONE_UNEVICTABLE: 0 NR_ZONE_WRITE_PENDING: 4 NR_MLOCK: 0 NR_PAGETABLE: 1562 NR_KERNEL_STACK_KB: 1728 NR_BOUNCE: 0 NR_FREE_CMA_PAGES: 0 VM_NODE_STAT: NR_INACTIVE_ANON: 1985 NR_ACTIVE_ANON: 338275 NR_INACTIVE_FILE: 19760 NR_ACTIVE_FILE: 12018 NR_UNEVICTABLE: 0 NR_SLAB_RECLAIMABLE: 3111 NR_SLAB_UNRECLAIMABLE: 3039 NR_ISOLATED_ANON: 0 NR_ISOLATED_FILE: 0 WORKINGSET_REFAULT: 0 WORKINGSET_ACTIVATE: 0 WORKINGSET_NODERECLAIM: 0 NR_ANON_MAPPED: 338089 NR_FILE_MAPPED: 8102 NR_FILE_PAGES: 33949 NR_FILE_DIRTY: 4 NR_WRITEBACK: 0 NR_WRITEBACK_TEMP: 0 NR_SHMEM: 2171 NR_SHMEM_THPS: 0 NR_SHMEM_PMDMAPPED: 0 NR_ANON_THPS: 86 NR_UNSTABLE_NFS: 0 NR_VMSCAN_WRITE: 0 NR_VMSCAN_IMMEDIATE: 0 NR_DIRTIED: 155 NR_WRITTEN: 75 VM_NUMA_STAT: NUMA_HIT: 575409 NUMA_MISS: 0 NUMA_FOREIGN: 0 NUMA_INTERLEAVE_HIT: 12930 NUMA_LOCAL: 575409 NUMA_OTHER: 0 VM_EVENT_STATES: PGPGIN: 282492 PGPGOUT: 6773 PSWPIN: 0 PSWPOUT: 0 PGALLOC_DMA: 0 PGALLOC_DMA32: 693092 PGALLOC_NORMAL: 0 ... Display hugepage hstate information: crash> kmem -h HSTATE SIZE FREE TOTAL NAME ffffffff81f7a800 2MB 10 64 hugepages-2048kB Determine (and verify) the page cache size: crash> kmem -c page_cache_size: 18431 (verified) Dump all pages in the page_hash_table: crash> kmem -C page_hash_table[0] c0325b40 c03a0598 c03b4070 c0364c28 c0357690 c02ef338 c02d7c60 c02c11e0 c02a3d70 page_hash_table[1] c0394ce8 c03c4218 c03b4048 c0364c00 c0357668 c02d6e50 c02d7dc8 c02c0cb8 c02db630 c02ebad0 page_hash_table[2] c037e808 c034e248 c03b4020 c02ec868 c03baa60 ... page_hash_table[2047] c033a798 c0390b48 c03b4098 c0364890 c03576b8 c02d2c38 c02d7c88 c02de5d8 page_cache_size: 18437 (verified) Find the page_hash_table entry containing page c03576b8: crash> kmem -c c03576b8 page_hash_table[2047] c03576b8 Display kmalloc() slab data: crash> kmem -s CACHE OBJSIZE ALLOCATED TOTAL SLABS SSIZE NAME c02eadc0 232 58 68 4 4k kmem_cache f79c2888 128 0 0 0 4k ip_vs_conn f79c2970 96 0 0 0 4k tcp_tw_bucket f79c2a58 32 12 565 5 4k tcp_bind_bucket f79c2b40 64 0 59 1 4k tcp_open_request f79c2c28 64 1 59 1 4k inet_peer_cache f79c2d10 32 11 339 3 4k ip_fib_hash f79c2df8 160 8 120 5 4k ip_dst_cache f79c2ee0 128 1 30 1 4k arp_cache c8402970 96 30208 37800 945 4k blkdev_requests c8402a58 384 0 0 0 4k nfs_read_data c8402b40 384 0 0 0 4k nfs_write_data c8402c28 96 0 0 0 4k nfs_page c8402d10 20 0 0 0 4k dnotify cache c8402df8 92 3 336 8 4k file lock cache c8402ee0 16 0 0 0 4k fasync cache c84027a0 32 3 339 3 4k uid_cache c84026b8 160 320 624 26 4k skbuff_head_cache c84025d0 832 32 180 20 8k sock c84024e8 132 0 203 7 4k sigqueue c8402400 64 19 472 8 4k cdev_cache c8402318 64 8 236 4 4k bdev_cache c8402230 96 11 120 3 4k mnt_cache c8402148 480 817 848 106 4k inode_cache c8402060 128 1352 1470 49 4k dentry_cache c8403ee0 96 244 440 11 4k filp c8403df8 4096 0 12 12 4k names_cache c8403d10 96 14936 16000 400 4k buffer_head c8403c28 128 25 240 8 4k mm_struct c8403b40 64 393 1298 22 4k vm_area_struct c8403a58 64 30 472 8 4k fs_cache c8403970 416 30 135 15 4k files_cache c8403888 1312 32 99 33 4k signal_act c84037a0 131072 0 0 0 128k size-131072(DMA) c84036b8 131072 1 1 1 128k size-131072 c84035d0 65536 0 0 0 64k size-65536(DMA) c84034e8 65536 0 0 0 64k size-65536 c8403400 32768 0 0 0 32k size-32768(DMA) c8403318 32768 0 1 1 32k size-32768 c8403230 16384 0 0 0 16k size-16384(DMA) c8403148 16384 0 0 0 16k size-16384 c8403060 8192 0 0 0 8k size-8192(DMA) c8401ee0 8192 1 2 2 8k size-8192 c8401df8 4096 0 0 0 4k size-4096(DMA) c8401d10 4096 30 30 30 4k size-4096 c8401c28 2048 0 0 0 4k size-2048(DMA) c8401b40 2048 37 132 66 4k size-2048 c8401a58 1024 0 0 0 4k size-1024(DMA) c8401970 1024 301 328 82 4k size-1024 c8401888 512 0 0 0 4k size-512(DMA) c84017a0 512 141 168 21 4k size-512 c84016b8 256 0 0 0 4k size-256(DMA) c84015d0 256 80 435 29 4k size-256 c84014e8 128 0 0 0 4k size-128(DMA) c8401400 128 508 840 28 4k size-128 c8401318 64 0 0 0 4k size-64(DMA) c8401230 64 978 1357 23 4k size-64 c8401148 32 0 0 0 4k size-32(DMA) c8401060 32 1244 1808 16 4k size-32 Display all slab data in the "arp_cache" cache: crash> kmem -S arp_cache CACHE OBJSIZE ALLOCATED TOTAL SLABS SSIZE NAME f79c2ee0 128 1 30 1 4k arp_cache SLAB MEMORY TOTAL ALLOCATED FREE f729d000 f729d0a0 30 1 29 FREE / [ALLOCATED] f729d0a0 (cpu 7 cache) f729d120 (cpu 7 cache) f729d1a0 (cpu 7 cache) f729d220 (cpu 7 cache) f729d2a0 (cpu 7 cache) f729d320 (cpu 7 cache) f729d3a0 (cpu 7 cache) f729d420 (cpu 7 cache) f729d4a0 (cpu 7 cache) f729d520 (cpu 7 cache) f729d5a0 (cpu 7 cache) f729d620 (cpu 7 cache) f729d6a0 (cpu 7 cache) f729d720 (cpu 7 cache) f729d7a0 (cpu 7 cache) f729d820 (cpu 7 cache) f729d8a0 (cpu 7 cache) f729d920 (cpu 7 cache) f729d9a0 (cpu 7 cache) f729da20 (cpu 7 cache) f729daa0 (cpu 7 cache) f729db20 (cpu 7 cache) f729dba0 (cpu 7 cache) f729dc20 (cpu 7 cache) f729dca0 (cpu 7 cache) f729dd20 (cpu 7 cache) f729dda0 (cpu 7 cache) f729de20 (cpu 7 cache) f729dea0 (cpu 3 cache) [f729df20] Search the kmalloc() slab subsystem for address c3fbdb60: crash> kmem -s c3fbdb60 CACHE OBJSIZE ALLOCATED TOTAL SLABS SSIZE NAME c8402970 96 30208 37800 945 4k blkdev_requests SLAB MEMORY TOTAL ALLOCATED FREE c3fbd020 c3fbd0e0 40 40 0 FREE / [ALLOCATED] [c3fbdb60] Make a generic search (no flags) for the same address c3fbdb60: crash> kmem c3fbdb60 CACHE OBJSIZE ALLOCATED TOTAL SLABS SSIZE NAME c8402970 96 30208 37800 945 4k blkdev_requests SLAB MEMORY TOTAL ALLOCATED FREE c3fbd020 c3fbd0e0 40 40 0 FREE / [ALLOCATED] [c3fbdb60] PAGE PHYSICAL MAPPING INDEX CNT FLAGS c410ee74 3fbd000 0 0 1 slab Display memory node data (if supported): crash> kmem -n NODE SIZE PGLIST_DATA BOOTMEM_DATA NODE_ZONES 0 262095 ffff88003d52a000 ---- ffff88003d52a000 ffff88003d52a740 ffff88003d52ae80 ffff88003d52b5c0 MEM_MAP START_PADDR START_MAPNR ffffea0000000040 1000 1 ZONE NAME SIZE MEM_MAP START_PADDR START_MAPNR 0 DMA 4095 ffffea0000000040 1000 1 1 DMA32 258000 ffffea0000040000 1000000 4096 2 Normal 0 0 0 0 3 Movable 0 0 0 0 ------------------------------------------------------------------- NR SECTION CODED_MEM_MAP MEM_MAP STATE PFN 0 ffff88003d4d9000 ffffea0000000000 ffffea0000000000 PM 0 1 ffff88003d4d9020 ffffea0000000000 ffffea0000200000 PM 32768 2 ffff88003d4d9040 ffffea0000000000 ffffea0000400000 PM 65536 3 ffff88003d4d9060 ffffea0000000000 ffffea0000600000 PM 98304 4 ffff88003d4d9080 ffffea0000000000 ffffea0000800000 PM 131072 5 ffff88003d4d90a0 ffffea0000000000 ffffea0000a00000 PM 163840 6 ffff88003d4d90c0 ffffea0000000000 ffffea0000c00000 PM 196608 7 ffff88003d4d90e0 ffffea0000000000 ffffea0000e00000 PM 229376 MEM_BLOCK NAME PHYSICAL RANGE STATE START_SECTION_NO ffff88003a707c00 memory0 0 - 7ffffff ONLINE 0 ffff88003a6e0000 memory1 8000000 - fffffff ONLINE 1 ffff88003a6e1000 memory2 10000000 - 17ffffff ONLINE 2 ffff88003a6e1400 memory3 18000000 - 1fffffff ONLINE 3 ffff88003a6e1800 memory4 20000000 - 27ffffff ONLINE 4 ffff88003a6e0400 memory5 28000000 - 2fffffff ONLINE 5 ffff88003a6e0800 memory6 30000000 - 37ffffff ONLINE 6 ffff88003a6e0c00 memory7 38000000 - 3fffffff ONLINE 7 Translate a page structure's flags field contents: crash> kmem -g 4080 FLAGS: 4080 PAGE-FLAG BIT VALUE PG_slab 7 0000080 PG_head 14 0004000 crash>